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Ship construction terms series#
Welding machines autonomously combine the metal sheets into larger slabs that slide through a series of workstations on an 80-ft.-wide conveyor belt. The process begins at the shipyard's railhead, where steel arrives directly from the foundry. Components are fabricated and assembled separately, then joined one to another like so many giant Lego blocks. Today's big builds are more efficient, but also more complicated. For hundreds of years, large vessels were built from the bottom up, with shipbuilders striking the keel and erecting the hull before adding each deck, one level at a time. Translation: A worker is whaling on a hunk of steel with a sledgehammer.Ĭonstructing a ship on this scale requires a combination of brute force and advanced engineering. "He's adjusting the bulkhead," Degerman explains. Aker vice president Tom Degerman oversees the project, and as he strides across the shop floor, a clanging sound booms from inside a rust-colored section of half-completed hull. Yet many of the techniques used here would be familiar to the ironworkers who laid down the Lusitania in 1904. With its robotic transporters and welding stations, the facility is extremely high-tech. long and up to an inch thick-is being welded together to form the basic building blocks of the Oasis. Underneath a latticework of girders, the yellow glare of sodium light falls on acres of massive, reddish-brown, angular shapes.
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Inside a cavernous factory space at Aker Yards, the din of construction is deafening. "The larger we build, the larger we're able to build," says Harri Kulovaara, executive vice president in charge of maritime construction at Royal Caribbean. But the superlatives these ships have earned may not last long. So far,the Oasis's only rival will be its own sister ship, scheduled to launch a mere 11 months afterward. Oasis represents the latest effort in an intense, decades-long race with other cruise lines to push the envelope in terms of how massively ships can be conceived and constructed. But the Independence isn't the most remarkable thing on display in the sprawling shipyard.Įven as the vessel is buoyed for the first time, its triumph is dwarfed by the pieces of an even larger leviathan, a $1.2 billion monster named Oasis of the Seas. For its owner, Royal Caribbean, the ship is an $800 million tour de force. Independence of the Seas is an awesome behemoth, the third in a triplet of vessels that are the largest cruise ships in the world. For the shipbuilders at Aker Yards, this "float-out" is a proud moment. A stream of water gushes onto the floor of the pit far below. After a brief speech, a trio of dignitaries turns a valve. An antique cannon fires, its boom echoing off the colossal white cruise ship that looms up out of the dry dock. This is know as panting and can lead to metal fatigue the structure at the ends of the ship is therefore stiffened to prevent excessive movement of the shell.On the forested coast of southern Finland, in the town of Turku, a brass band plays to a festive crowd gathered along the lip of a 1200-ft.-long, 50-ft.-deep hole. The effect of this is greatest at the fore end where the shell is relatively flat. Panting – As waves pass along the ship they course fluctuations in water pressure which tend to create an in and out movement of the shell plating. The shell plating must be stiffened to prevent buckling.
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The fore end then emerges from the water and re enters with a tremendous slamming effect, known as pounding. Pounding – When a ship meets heavy weather and commences hearing and pitching, the rise of the fore end of the ship may synchronise with the trough of a wave. Stringer – A line of horizontal plating, extending forward and aft.įloor – Transverse vertical stiffeners which strengthen the ship’s bottom plating and which may be enclosed to form double bottoms. Measured as the height of deck at side at any point above the height of the deck at side amidships. Curvature of decks in the longitudinal direction. Strake – A line of vertical plating, extending forward and aft. Scantlings – the sectional dimensions of various parts of a vessel. Moulded Beam: Measured at the midship section is the maximum moulded breadth of the ship. The freeboard deck is normally the uppermost complete deck exposed to weather and sea which has permanent means of closing all openings, and below which all openings in the ship’s side have watertight closings. Freeboard: The vertical distance measured at the ship’s side between the summer load line (or service draft) and the freeboard deck.